RS Chart
Assessment - Sustainability - 5/06/24 - RS = 26
 ⇐ 
  instrument freshest Δday 5/06/24 Δwk 11/06/23  prc diff Δ26  Curr ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart add note SOM Sustainability 834.125  Fri 0.27 826.456 0.93 841.252 -14.796 -1.76  USD -7.53 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Sprouts 75.730  Fri 1.53 75.000 0.97 40.690 34.310 84.32  USD 69.62 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Interface 16.220  Fri 1.95 16.430 -1.28 9.500 6.930 72.95  USD 57.40 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Rockwool 2,576.000  Wed -0.08 2,578.000 -0.08 1,599.500 978.500 61.18  DKK 40.73 
real-time RS chart chart add note Deckers Outdoor 861.990  Fri -1.44 861.850 0.02 612.890 248.960 40.62  USD 39.32 
real-time RS chart chart L add note L'Occitane 3.794  Fri 0.58 3.806 -0.32 2.345 1.461 62.30  EUR 39.23 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Aspen Pharmacare 11.300  Fri 0.89 11.600 -2.59 9.000 2.600 28.89  EUR 28.55 
real-time RS chart chart L add note INIT Innov. in Traff 38.800  Fri -1.52 38.500 0.78 28.200 10.300 36.52  EUR 27.56 
real-time RS chart chart add note MillerKnoll 27.330  Fri -0.29 26.810 1.94 24.570 2.240 9.12  USD 24.86 
real-time RS chart chart add note Steelcase 13.150  Fri 12.570 4.61 11.160 1.410 12.63  USD 24.42 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Nordex 14.360  Fri 0.84 13.490 6.45 10.525 2.965 28.17  EUR 23.22 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Encompass Health 86.530  Fri 0.19 84.510 2.39 64.440 20.070 31.15  USD 23.11 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Steico 37.800  Fri -2.70 37.250 1.48 29.750 7.500 25.21  EUR 22.39 
real-time RS chart chart add note Greenvolt 8.320  Fri 0.12 8.320 6.630 1.690 25.49  EUR 21.55 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Encavis 16.950  Fri -0.24 16.910 0.24 13.050 3.860 29.58  EUR 20.29 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Shimano 25,850.000  Fri 0.98 25,835.000 0.06 22,475.000 3,360.000 14.95  JPY 17.66 
real-time RS chart chart L add note First Solar 191.050  Fri -1.32 193.810 -1.42 146.970 46.840 31.87  USD 15.20 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Huaneng Renewables 5.090  Fri 4.73 4.950 2.83 3.720 1.230 33.06  HKD 14.98 
real-time RS chart chart add note Kadant 287.550  Fri 0.10 281.260 2.24 245.700 35.560 14.47  USD 14.69 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Kurita Water 6,748.000  Fri 8.14 6,277.000 7.50 4,860.000 1,417.000 29.16  JPY 13.96 
real-time RS chart chart add note Sino-American Sili 194.500  Fri 0.26 197.000 -1.27 175.000 22.000 12.57  TWD 12.17 
real-time RS chart chart add note eBay 51.000  Fri 1.31 49.380 3.28 40.360 9.020 22.35  USD 11.20 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Ricoh 1,297.500  Fri -0.76 1,356.500 -4.35 1,255.500 101.000 8.04  JPY 11.10 
real-time RS chart chart add note Nextracker 42.250  Fri -2.20 46.890 -9.90 36.770 10.120 27.52  USD 10.51 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Neoen 30.480  Fri -0.33 29.880 2.01 25.760 4.120 15.99  EUR 10.46 
  instrument freshest Δday 5/06/24 Δwk 11/06/23  prc diff Δ26  Curr ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart L add note Svenska Cellulosa B 165.300  Fri 1.04 162.750 1.57 157.400 5.350 3.40  SEK 10.34 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Hannon Armstrong SIC 32.080  Fri -1.50 26.060 23.10 20.350 5.710 28.06  USD 10.09 
real-time RS chart chart add note Natura Cosmeticos 17.250  Fri 0.23 17.270 -0.12 13.070 4.200 32.13  BRL 10.09 
real-time RS chart chart add note EJR 2,881.000  Fri 0.51 3,015.000 -4.44 2,690.670 324.330 12.05  JPY 9.73 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Scatec 79.250  Fri -0.31 76.750 3.26 66.200 10.550 15.94  NOK 9.21 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Kingfisher 261.600  Fri 1.43 248.700 5.19 218.800 29.900 13.67  GBP 8.16 
real-time RS chart chart add note E.on 13.195  Fri 0.80 12.610 4.64 11.265 1.345 11.94  EUR 7.45 
real-time RS chart chart add note Cdn Nat Railway 174.210  Fri 0.09 172.480 1.00 151.470 21.010 13.87  CAD 7.29 
real-time RS chart chart add note Grenergy Renovables 28.350  Fri -1.39 27.900 1.61 24.860 3.040 12.23  EUR 6.85 
real-time RS chart chart add note Brookfield Renewable 38.190  Fri 1.35 36.400 4.92 31.580 4.820 15.26  CAD 6.63 
real-time RS chart chart add note Geberit 550.600  Fri 0.18 515.200 6.87 460.900 54.300 11.78  CHF 6.36 
real-time RS chart chart add note Tomra Systems 141.400  Fri 1.22 139.100 1.65 92.020 47.080 51.16  NOK 6.26 
real-time RS chart chart add note ReNew Energy Global 6.010  Fri 6.360 -5.50 5.870 0.490 8.35  USD 6.22 
real-time RS chart chart add note bioMérieux 99.300  Fri 0.05 99.400 -0.10 92.700 6.700 7.23  EUR 2.99 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Xinyi Solar 5.770  Fri -1.54 5.760 0.17 5.080 0.680 13.39  HKD 2.95 
real-time RS chart chart L add note LTC Properties 34.060  Fri -0.09 33.280 2.34 32.070 1.210 3.77  USD 2.50 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Algonquin 8.980  Fri -2.81 9.150 -1.86 7.790 1.360 17.46  CAD 2.43 
real-time RS chart chart add note Enlight Renewable 6,754.000  Thu 1.06 6,425.000 5.12 5,790.000 635.000 10.97  ILS 1.96 
real-time RS chart chart add note ERG 26.880  Fri 1.13 25.760 4.35 23.640 2.120 8.97  EUR 1.75 
real-time RS chart chart add note Vestas Wind Systems 191.050  Wed 2.00 181.650 5.17 162.800 18.850 11.58  DKK 1.65 
real-time RS chart chart add note Molina Healthcare 354.600  Fri 1.31 343.210 3.32 348.530 -5.320 -1.53  USD 1.32 
real-time RS chart chart L add note BYD Company 223.400  Fri -1.06 226.000 -1.15 249.200 -23.200 -9.31  HKD 0.77 
real-time RS chart chart add note Pennon Group 713.500  Fri -0.97 698.500 2.15 741.000 -42.500 -5.74  GBP 0.56 
real-time RS chart chart add note Verbund 71.150  Fri 0.85 75.100 -5.26 85.450 -10.350 -12.11  EUR 0.27 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Ørsted 431.100  Wed -0.44 413.600 4.23 279.900 133.700 47.77  DKK -0.68 
  instrument freshest Δday 5/06/24 Δwk 11/06/23  prc diff Δ26  Curr ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart L add note SFC Energy 20.550  Fri -0.24 19.880 3.37 19.020 0.860 4.52  EUR -0.84 
real-time RS chart chart add note Severn Trent 2,587.000  Fri -0.73 2,517.000 2.78 2,652.000 -135.000 -5.09  GBP -1.23 
real-time RS chart chart L add note China Three Gorges R 4.740  Fri 1.07 4.740 4.790 -0.050 -1.04  CNY -2.26 
real-time RS chart chart add note BillerudKorsnäs 93.700  Fri 1.57 90.950 3.02 103.600 -12.650 -12.21  SEK -2.51 
real-time RS chart chart L add note GCL Poly Energy 1.320  Fri 1.260 4.76 1.250 0.010 0.80  HKD -2.55 
real-time RS chart chart add note West Holdings 2,800.000  Fri -2.06 2,843.000 -1.51 3,380.000 -537.000 -15.89  JPY -2.56 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Bloom Energy 11.160  Fri -4.94 12.200 -8.52 10.090 2.110 20.91  USD -4.43 
real-time RS chart chart add note Boralex 29.690  Fri -0.10 29.920 -0.77 29.040 0.880 3.03  CAD -4.94 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Ormat Technologies 70.290  Fri 1.97 67.640 3.92 64.630 3.010 4.66  USD -5.32 
real-time RS chart chart add note Manawa Energy 4.200  Fri -1.18 4.220 -0.47 4.260 -0.040 -0.94  NZD -5.97 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Enphase Energy 108.350  Fri -2.50 115.080 -5.85 78.180 36.900 47.20  USD -6.11 
real-time RS chart chart L add note China Longyuan 0.753  Fri 5.37 0.672 12.08 0.750 -0.078 -10.42  EUR -6.15 
real-time RS chart chart add note 7C Solarparken 3.165  Fri -1.71 3.180 -0.47 3.175 0.005 0.16  EUR -7.19 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Smith and Nephew 1,004.500  Fri 0.30 996.800 0.77 983.600 13.200 1.34  GBP -7.43 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Potlatch 43.170  Fri 0.49 42.690 1.12 46.050 -3.360 -7.30  USD -8.76 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Energiekontor 69.200  Fri 0.58 66.300 4.37 75.800 -9.500 -12.53  EUR -8.78 
real-time RS chart chart add note Edisun Power Europe 99.500  Fri -0.50 99.000 0.51 108.000 -9.000 -8.33  CHF -9.19 
real-time RS chart chart add note Mayr-Melnhof 116.800  Fri 2.46 112.200 4.10 114.600 -2.400 -2.09  EUR -9.42 
real-time RS chart chart add note Befesa 29.420  Fri 29.080 1.17 27.100 1.980 7.31  EUR -9.54 
real-time RS chart chart add note Derichebourg 4.466  Fri 3.86 4.286 4.20 4.308 -0.022 -0.51  EUR -9.81 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Goldwind Sc&Tech 0.432  Fri 4.93 0.401 7.62 0.480 -0.079 -16.38  EUR -10.06 
real-time RS chart chart add note Northland Power 21.680  Fri -0.14 21.550 0.60 22.410 -0.860 -3.84  CAD -10.15 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Geox 0.650  Fri 0.655 -0.76 0.670 -0.015 -2.24  EUR -12.03 
real-time RS chart chart add note Sunrun 11.260  Fri -9.27 11.990 -6.09 10.290 1.700 16.52  USD -12.55 
real-time RS chart chart add note Innergex RE 8.350  Fri -0.71 8.720 -4.24 9.810 -1.090 -11.11  CAD -12.83 
  instrument freshest Δday 5/06/24 Δwk 11/06/23  prc diff Δ26  Curr ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart add note Tesla Motors 168.470  Fri -2.04 184.760 -8.82 219.270 -34.510 -15.74  USD -14.41 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Sims Metal Managemt 10.860  Fri 1.12 11.810 -8.04 12.680 -0.870 -6.86  AUD -14.75 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Voltalia 8.700  Fri -0.11 8.340 4.32 8.730 -0.390 -4.47  EUR -15.57 
real-time RS chart chart add note EDP Renováveis 14.610  Fri 1.81 13.310 9.77 16.315 -3.005 -18.42  EUR -15.73 
real-time RS chart chart add note Boiron 34.300  Fri 0.73 34.500 -0.58 40.600 -6.100 -15.02  EUR -16.26 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Altus Power 4.440  Fri -2.42 4.420 0.45 5.470 -1.050 -19.20  USD -18.25 
real-time RS chart chart add note JinkoSolar 23.730  Fri -9.12 25.710 -7.70 34.160 -8.450 -24.74  USD -18.81 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Array Tech 12.760  Fri 2.00 13.740 -7.13 18.000 -4.260 -23.67  USD -19.06 
real-time RS chart chart add note Acciona Energías 21.820  Fri 2.83 20.020 8.99 27.480 -7.460 -27.15  EUR -20.49 
real-time RS chart chart L add note United Renewable 11.400  Fri 11.750 -2.98 14.900 -3.150 -21.14  TWD -20.74 
real-time RS chart chart add note Ballard Power 3.860  Fri -8.31 3.870 -0.26 4.860 -0.990 -20.37  CAD -20.94 
real-time RS chart chart add note Umweltbank 6.580  Fri -2.08 6.560 0.30 6.660 -0.100 -1.50  EUR -21.40 
real-time RS chart chart S add note BCPG 6.600  Fri -0.75 6.750 -2.22 9.050 -2.300 -25.41  THB -21.44 
real-time RS chart chart L add note SMA Solar 47.040  Fri 0.30 49.440 -4.85 54.150 -4.710 -8.70  EUR -22.15 
real-time RS chart chart add note Solaria Energía 11.160  Fri 1.45 10.320 8.14 15.045 -4.725 -31.41  EUR -22.67 
real-time RS chart chart L add note LONGi Green Energy 18.620  Fri -1.79 18.510 0.59 23.450 -4.940 -21.07  CNY -23.00 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Xinte Energy 9.200  Fri 9.090 1.21 11.420 -2.330 -20.40  HKD -24.71 
real-time RS chart chart add note Green Plains RE 19.980  Fri -1.04 19.900 0.40 27.890 -7.990 -28.65  USD -24.83 
real-time RS chart chart L add note McPhy Energy 2.610  Fri -3.69 2.685 -2.79 4.204 -1.519 -36.13  EUR -26.05 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Aixtron 21.850  Fri -1.62 22.240 -1.75 27.980 -5.740 -20.51  EUR -26.76 
real-time RS chart chart add note Trina Solar 21.520  Fri -1.19 21.400 0.56 30.070 -8.670 -28.83  CNY -27.73 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Nel 5.708  Fri 7.09 5.400 5.70 8.536 -3.136 -36.74  NOK -28.35 
real-time RS chart chart L add note Verbio 20.280  Fri -1.07 20.220 0.30 31.500 -11.280 -35.81  EUR -29.01 
real-time RS chart chart add note Canadian Solar 15.700  Fri -9.14 17.360 -9.56 21.560 -4.200 -19.48  USD -29.38 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Energy Recovery 13.960  Fri 0.43 13.430 3.95 18.110 -4.680 -25.84  USD -31.38 
  instrument freshest Δday 5/06/24 Δwk 11/06/23  prc diff Δ26  Curr ∅-RS
real-time RS chart chart add note Daqo New Energy 17.930  Fri -5.58 19.020 -5.73 26.390 -7.370 -27.93  USD -31.61 
real-time RS chart chart add note FuelCell Energy 0.699  Fri -5.21 0.865 -19.18 1.140 -0.275 -24.12  USD -37.86 
real-time RS chart chart S add note United Natural Foods 10.080  Fri 2.23 9.690 4.02 15.430 -5.740 -37.20  USD -39.34 
real-time RS chart chart L add note SolarEdge 49.470  Fri -6.08 60.070 -17.65 71.770 -11.700 -16.30  USD -41.32 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Shoals Technologies 6.940  Fri -9.64 8.850 -21.58 15.650 -6.800 -43.45  USD -44.55 
real-time RS chart chart add note Plug Power 2.560  Fri -7.58 2.710 -5.54 6.260 -3.550 -56.71  USD -46.57 
real-time RS chart chart L add note SunPower 2.300  Fri -2.95 2.360 -2.54 4.290 -1.930 -44.99  USD -49.35 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Sunnova Energy 4.030  Fri -6.93 4.670 -13.70 9.930 -5.260 -52.97  USD -52.12 
real-time RS chart chart S add note Maxeon Solar 2.170  Fri -6.87 2.230 -2.69 5.970 -3.740 -62.65  USD -64.28 
 Sustainability - 108 out of 108 instruments rated - 5/06/24 / 11/06/23 - 55 did rise, Market-Ratio(26) = 50.93 % 
 
Technical Chart
Sustainability RS = 26 - B/S = 60/40
Market Chart
1/06/20 scale up chart 5/06/24
 


Transactions Sustainability * 26 - 60/40 (1)
 ⇐ 
L/Sdate buy date selldays instrumentsplpieces Currprc buyprc sellps shortprc diffd %assetyield 
1/02/06 9/11/06 252    - cash -
short 9/11/06  11/20/06 70  RT RS QC  Phoenix Solar 100  672  EUR 14.860  14.660 15.063  0.203 1  10,136 7  
long 11/20/06   8/20/07 273  RT RS QC  Nordex 100  804  EUR 12.600  25.280    12.680 101  20,331 154  
short 8/20/07   5/11/09 630  RT RS QC  SFC Energy 100  1,140  EUR 17.820  5.900 53.822  36.002 202  61,374 90  
long 5/11/09   6/07/10 392  RT RS QC  EnerNOC 100  2,666  USD 23.020  26.070    3.050 13  69,505 12  
short 6/07/10  11/22/10 168  RT RS QC  Energy Recovery 100  22,065  USD 3.150  3.630 2.670  -0.480 -15  58,914 -30  
long 11/22/10   8/01/11 252  RT RS QC  SPCG 100  3,800  THB 15.500  21.000    5.500 35  79,814 55  
short 8/01/11   2/06/12 189  RT RS QC  China High-Speed 100  14,698  HKD 5.430  5.400 5.460  0.030 1  80,258 1  
long 2/06/12   7/23/12 168  RT RS QC  Plug Power 100  39,341  USD 2.040  1.150    -0.890 -44  45,244 -71  
short 7/23/12  11/19/12 119  RT RS QC  Daqo New Energy 100  49,178  USD 0.920  0.790 1.071  0.151 16  52,690 60  
long 11/19/12  12/15/14 756  RT RS QC  China Shuifa Singyes 100  9,068  HKD 5.810  11.400    5.590 96  103,380 38  
short 12/15/14   2/02/15 49  RT RS QC  Meyer Burger 100  18,105  CHF 5.710  5.860 5.560  -0.150 -3  100,664 -18  
long 2/02/15   8/24/15 203  RT RS QC  Aspen Pharmacare 100  2,971  EUR 33.876  20.242    -13.634 -40  60,157 -60  
short 8/24/15   8/08/16 350  RT RS QC  SFCE 100  32,517  HKD 1.850  1.010 3.389  1.539 83  110,188 88  
long 8/08/16  12/05/16 119  RT RS QC  Energy Recovery 100  8,601  USD 12.810  10.680    -2.130 -17  91,868 -43  
short 12/05/16   5/01/17 147  RT RS QC  SolarWorld 100  36,894  EUR 2.490  3.440 1.540  -0.950 -38  56,819 -70  
long 5/01/17   5/07/18 371  RT RS QC  Beijing Energy 100  46,957  HKD 1.210  0.780    -0.430 -36  36,627 -35  
short 5/07/18   4/08/19 336  RT RS QC  Verbio 100  8,864  EUR 4.132  7.440 0.824  -3.308 -80  7,305 -83  
long 4/08/19   3/16/20 343  RT RS QC  Enphase Energy 100  713  USD 10.240  27.450    17.210 168  19,576 186  
short 3/16/20   6/08/20 84  RT RS QC  Meyer Burger 100  130,679  CHF 0.150  0.183 0.117  -0.033 -22  15,237 -66  
long 6/08/20   1/10/22 581  RT RS QC  Tesla Motors 100  240  USD 63.328  352.707    289.379 457  84,688 194  
short 1/10/22   4/17/23 462  RT RS QC  Natura Cosmeticos 100  3,915  BRL 21.630  11.200 41.773  20.143 93  163,548 68  
long 4/17/23   5/08/23 21  RT RS QC  First Solar 100  747  USD 218.890  177.460    -41.430 -19  132,599 -97  
short 5/08/23   5/10/24 368  RT RS QC  Plug Power 100  14,273  USD 9.290  2.560 33.713  24.423 263  481,182 259  
accum 9/11/06 5/10/246452 days out of 6704 invested (96%) 4,712 481,182 25  

Instrument Related Contribution
 instrumentL/Sdate buy date selldaysprc buyprc sellps shortprc diffd %total 
 Tesla Motorslong  6/08/20  1/10/2258163.33352.71289.38 456.95456.95 
 SFC Energyshort  8/20/07  5/11/0963017.825.9053.8236.00 202.03202.03 
 Enphase Energylong  4/08/19  3/16/2034310.2427.4517.21 168.07168.07 
 Plug Powerlong  2/06/12  7/23/121682.041.15-0.89 -43.63 
 short  5/08/23  5/10/243689.292.5633.7124.42 262.89104.57 
 Nordexlong 11/20/06  8/20/0727312.6025.2812.68 100.63100.63 
 China Shuifa Singyeslong 11/19/12 12/15/147565.8111.405.59 96.2196.21 
 Natura Cosmeticos short  1/10/22  4/17/2346221.6311.2041.7720.14 93.1293.12 
 SFCEshort  8/24/15  8/08/163501.851.013.391.54 83.1783.17 
 SPCGlong 11/22/10  8/01/1125215.5021.005.50 35.4835.48 
 Daqo New Energyshort  7/23/12 11/19/121190.920.791.070.15 16.4616.46 
 EnerNOClong  5/11/09  6/07/1039223.0226.073.05 13.2513.25 
 Phoenix Solarshort  9/11/06 11/20/067014.8614.6615.060.20 1.361.36 
 China High-Speedshort  8/01/11  2/06/121895.435.405.460.03 0.560.56 
 First Solarlong  4/17/23  5/08/2321218.89177.46-41.43 -18.93-18.93 
 Meyer Burgershort 12/15/14  2/02/15495.715.865.56-0.15 -2.63 
 short  3/16/20  6/08/20840.150.180.12-0.03 -22.16-24.21 
 Energy Recoveryshort  6/07/10 11/22/101683.153.632.67-0.48 -15.24 
 long  8/08/16 12/05/1611912.8110.68-2.13 -16.63-29.33 
 Beijing Energylong  5/01/17  5/07/183711.210.78-0.43 -35.54-35.54 
 SolarWorldshort 12/05/16  5/01/171472.493.441.54-0.95 -38.15-38.15 
 Aspen Pharmacarelong  2/02/15  8/24/1520333.8820.24-13.63 -40.25-40.25 
 Verbioshort  5/07/18  4/08/193364.137.440.82-3.31 -80.06-80.06 


Annotations
3/28/24EJRstock split 1:3 (three for one)
2/06/23Enlight Renewablereverse split 10:1 (one for ten)
8/25/22Tesla Motorsstock split 1:3 (three for one)
5/27/22Tomra Systemsstock split 1:2 (two for one)
7/29/21United Renewablereverse stock split 0.5658:1
4/01/21GCL Poly Energysuspended
12/14/20Brookfield RenewableStock split 2:3 (three for two)
11/17/20Daqo New Energystock split 1:5 (five for one)
2/27/18Capital Stagerenames into Encavis (ENergy + CApital + VISion)
1/02/18HealthSouthrenames herself Encompass Health Corporation and gets new IDs and ticker
9/20/17bioMérieuxstock split 1:3 (three for one)
9/18/17Umweltbankstock split 1:5 (five for one)
7/03/17Xinjiang Goldwindstock split 10:13 (thirteen for ten)
3/14/17Sustainabilitystandard techniques were re-calculated.
9/12/16E.ondemerger of Uniper (power plants) 10 + 1 (one additional Uniper for ten E.on)
8/08/16Capital Stageacquires Chorus Clean Energy
2/17/16NachhaltigkeitKeurig Green Mountain drops out due to acquisition by JAB (Reimann).
1/25/16HealthSouthrecording started
1/01/16Sunrunrecording started
8/20/15Nachhaltigkeitcomplete analysis
7/20/15eBayspin-off of PayPal ratio 2790 : 3839
7/01/15Scatec Solarmonitoring started